NFPA 1970

Structural and proximity firefighting protective ensembles

Requirements & test methods

NFPA 1970-2025 establishes requirements for structural and proximity firefighting ensembles, work apparel and related emergency-services protective equipment.

Thermal performance

Tests the structural garment’s outer shell, moisture barrier and thermal barrier together.

Garment-composite requirements:

Structural garment composite requirements
PropertyRequirement
Thermal protective performance · TPP≥ 35 cal/cm²
Total heat loss · THL≥ 205 W/m²
Evaporative resistance≤ 45 Pa·m²/W

Flame response and heat stability

Tests garment materials for flame response and thermal shrinkage.

Average char length ≤ 100 mm; average afterflame ≤ 2 s; shrinkage ≤ 10% in either direction.

Component strength

Measures strength of the outer shell, linings and barriers.

Tear strength: outer shell and collar lining ≥ 100 N; moisture and thermal barriers ≥ 22 N. Outer-shell and collar-lining breaking strength after washing ≥ 623 N.

Moisture barrier

Tests water and liquid penetration through barrier material and seams.

Water penetration resistance ≥ 172 kPa. No penetration by the specified test liquids for at least 1 h.

Product certification

Covers finished-product construction, interfaces and labeling.

Certification identifies the NFPA 1970 product category and configuration.

Where the standard is used

Related protective fabrics

Flame resistance test on a protective fabric

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